Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale (ONLS)

ONLS Calculator
Upper Limb - Right (Arm)
Upper Limb - Left (Arm/Fine Motor)
Lower Limb (Legs/Walking)
ONLS Score: 0
Mild Neuropathy
ONLS Score: 0. Minimal functional limitations.
Quantifies severity of peripheral neuropathy.

Why Use

The ONLS allows semi-objective measurement of function, which is useful to detect changes with therapy, and relatively earlier changes may be detected than on the standard five-point Medical Research Council scale used in routine examination of muscle power.

When to Use

Specifically validated in peripheral neuropathies, particularly immune-mediated types (GBS, CIDP and paraprotein-associated demyelinating neuropathies). Non-neuropathic conditions that affect function (e.g. arthritis) should be considered and not scored. Not validated for use in children, and should be applied to adult patients only.

Formula

The Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale (ONLS) Score is calculated by the addition of the Arms grade score and the Legs grade score. The Arms grade score is determined by the answers to the following questions: Does the patient have any symptoms in their hands or arms, e.g. tingling, numbness or weakness? If yes, is the patient affected in their ability to: Wash and brush their hair? Turn a key in a lock? Use a knife and fork together (or spoon, if knife and fork not used)? Do or undo buttons or zips? Dress the upper part of their body excluding buttons or zips? If all these functions are prevented, can the patient make purposeful movements with their hands or arms? Symptoms Arms grade score Normal 0 Minor symptoms in one or both arms but not affecting any of the functions listed 1 Disability in one or both arms affecting but not preventing any of the functions listed 2 Disability in one or both arms preventing at least one but not all functions listed 3 Disability in both arms preventing all functions listed but purposeful movement still possible 4 Disability in both arms preventing all purposeful movements 5 The Legs grade score is determined by the answers to the following questions: Does the patient have difficulty running or climbing stairs? Does the patient have difficulty with walking? Does their gait look abnormal? How do they mobilize for about 10 m (33 ft)? Without aid? With one stick or crutches or holding to someone’s arm With two sticks or crutches or one stick or crutch holding onto someone's arm or frame With a wheelchair If they use a wheelchair, can they stand and walk 1 m (3.28 ft) with the help of one person? If they cannot walk as above are they able to make some purposeful movements of their legs, e.g. reposition legs in bed? Does the patient use ankle foot orthoses/braces? Symptoms Legs grade score Walking/climbing stairs/running not affected 0 Walking/climbing stairs/running is affected, but gait does not look abnormal 1 Walks independently but gait looks abnormal 2 Requires unilateral support to walk 10 meters (stick, single crutch, one arm) 3 Requires bilateral support to walk 10 meters (sticks, crutches, crutch and arm, frame) 4 Requires wheelchair to travel 10 meters but able to stand and walk 1 meter with the help of one person 5 Restricted to wheelchair, unable to stand and walk 1 meter with the help of one person, but able to make some purposeful leg movements 6 Restricted to wheelchair or bed most of the day, unable to make any purposeful movements of the legs 7

Pearls / Pitfalls

Used to quantify functional disability relating to peripheral neuropathy, particularly to assess progression over time or response to treatment. The ONLS is essentially a modified ODSS (Overall Disability Sum Score), which was derived from a tool at Guy’s Hospital for assessing patients with multiple sclerosis. Involves primarily assessment of function, with grades 0-5 in the arms and 0-7 in the legs (higher numbers indicate worse function), and a total score of 0-12 allowing broad assessment of a patient’s disability (the original ODSS graded lower limb function as zero if walking was not affected, whereas the ONLS reduces the ceiling effect by requiring the additional tasks of running and climbing stairs to be unaffected). May not be as responsive to changing symptoms in neuropathies without a significant motor component (e.g. DADS-M). Best used when combined with direct questions of the patient and direct observation of function.

Advice

The total score 0-12 provides an overall measure of the current disability relating to the patient’s neuropathy, and comparison to previous scores (or future) allows objective tracking of progress over time.

More Information

The Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale (ONLS) Score ranges from 0 (no disability) to 12 (maximum disability).

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